See -ем on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-ом"
},
"expansion": "-ом (-om)",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg,ru",
"2": "-ем"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian and Russian -ем (-em)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See -ом (-om). Compare Bulgarian and Russian -ем (-em).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-em",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ем • (-em)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 12 28 34 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 5 32 38 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 30 34 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 28 31 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "під- (pid-) + біг (bih, “run”) + -ці (-ci) + -ем (-em) → підбігцем (pidbihcem, “at a run as Speedy Gonzales”, colloquial)"
},
{
"text": "на- (na-) + зір (zir, “sight”) + -ці (-ci) + -ем (-em) → на́зирцем (názyrcem, “not lagging behind, stealthily”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adverbial, added to root-stem verbs or nouns"
],
"id": "en--ем-uk-suffix-vgSnABp8",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "бігом//бігцем"
},
{
"word": "на́зирці"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(-om, sense 3): used after soft consonants, the hushing consonants ш ж ч щ, as well as ц х; derivatives constructed with this suffix are interpreted as adverbs rather than an instrumental case of the base-noun",
"word": "-ом"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 12 28 34 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 30 34 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 28 31 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "поле (pole, “field”) + -ем (-em) → полем (polem, “by the field”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -ом (-om, sense 3): used after soft consonants, the hushing consonants ш ж ч щ, as well as ц х; derivatives constructed with this suffix are interpreted as adverbs rather than an instrumental case of the base-noun"
],
"id": "en--ем-uk-suffix-g4btlniD",
"links": [
[
"-ом",
"-ом#Ukrainian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ ˈɛm]"
}
],
"word": "-ем"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-em",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "equivalent -ею",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "suffix form",
"3": "hard-stem variant",
"4": "-ом",
"5": "j-stem variant",
"6": "-єм",
"7": "feminine equivalent",
"8": "-ею",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ем • (-em) m (hard-stem variant -ом, j-stem variant -єм, feminine equivalent -ею)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 12 28 34 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 5 32 38 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 30 34 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 28 31 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"_(non-ar/-j) instrumental singular of -ь (-ʹ) and -∅ (zero suffix, indicates the semi-soft/soft-stem nouns' nominative singular of masculine second-declension)"
],
"id": "en--ем-uk-suffix-JiJZCGFB",
"links": [
[
"-ь",
"-ь#Ukrainian:_masc"
],
[
"-∅",
"-∅#Ukrainian:_masconly"
],
[
"zero suffix",
"zero suffix#English"
],
[
"nominative",
"nominative#English"
],
[
"masculine second-declension",
"w:Ukrainian grammar#Second declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 12 28 34 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 5 32 38 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 30 34 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 28 31 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"₋ₐᵣ₋ₛₜₑₘ instrumental singular of -∅ (zero suffix, indicates the -ar- stem nouns' nominative singular of masculine second-declension)"
],
"id": "en--ем-uk-suffix-Dclg4LV0",
"links": [
[
"-∅",
"-∅#Ukrainian:_masc"
],
[
"zero suffix",
"zero suffix#English"
],
[
"nominative",
"nominative#English"
],
[
"masculine second-declension",
"w:Ukrainian grammar#Second declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ ˈɛm]"
}
],
"word": "-ем"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-em",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "suffix form",
"3": "hard-stem variant",
"4": "-ом",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-ем • (-em) n (hard-stem variant -ом)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "₋e, endings of semi-soft/soft-stem nouns' nominative singular of neuter second-declension",
"word": "₋е"
}
],
"glosses": [
"instrumental singular of ₋е (₋e, endings of semi-soft/soft-stem nouns' nominative singular of neuter second-declension)"
],
"id": "en--ем-uk-suffix-F~pBczvv",
"links": [
[
"neuter",
"w:Ukrainian grammar#Second declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"instrumental",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ ˈɛm]"
}
],
"word": "-ем"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian adverb-forming suffixes",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian lemmas",
"Ukrainian non-lemma forms",
"Ukrainian suffix forms",
"Ukrainian suffixes",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-ом"
},
"expansion": "-ом (-om)",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg,ru",
"2": "-ем"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian and Russian -ем (-em)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See -ом (-om). Compare Bulgarian and Russian -ем (-em).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-em",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ем • (-em)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian terms in nonstandard scripts"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "під- (pid-) + біг (bih, “run”) + -ці (-ci) + -ем (-em) → підбігцем (pidbihcem, “at a run as Speedy Gonzales”, colloquial)"
},
{
"text": "на- (na-) + зір (zir, “sight”) + -ці (-ci) + -ем (-em) → на́зирцем (názyrcem, “not lagging behind, stealthily”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adverbial, added to root-stem verbs or nouns"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "бігом//бігцем"
},
{
"word": "на́зирці"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(-om, sense 3): used after soft consonants, the hushing consonants ш ж ч щ, as well as ц х; derivatives constructed with this suffix are interpreted as adverbs rather than an instrumental case of the base-noun",
"word": "-ом"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "поле (pole, “field”) + -ем (-em) → полем (polem, “by the field”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -ом (-om, sense 3): used after soft consonants, the hushing consonants ш ж ч щ, as well as ц х; derivatives constructed with this suffix are interpreted as adverbs rather than an instrumental case of the base-noun"
],
"links": [
[
"-ом",
"-ом#Ukrainian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ ˈɛm]"
}
],
"word": "-ем"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian non-lemma forms",
"Ukrainian suffix forms",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-em",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "equivalent -ею",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "suffix form",
"3": "hard-stem variant",
"4": "-ом",
"5": "j-stem variant",
"6": "-єм",
"7": "feminine equivalent",
"8": "-ею",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ем • (-em) m (hard-stem variant -ом, j-stem variant -єм, feminine equivalent -ею)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian terms in nonstandard scripts"
],
"glosses": [
"_(non-ar/-j) instrumental singular of -ь (-ʹ) and -∅ (zero suffix, indicates the semi-soft/soft-stem nouns' nominative singular of masculine second-declension)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ь",
"-ь#Ukrainian:_masc"
],
[
"-∅",
"-∅#Ukrainian:_masconly"
],
[
"zero suffix",
"zero suffix#English"
],
[
"nominative",
"nominative#English"
],
[
"masculine second-declension",
"w:Ukrainian grammar#Second declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian terms in nonstandard scripts"
],
"glosses": [
"₋ₐᵣ₋ₛₜₑₘ instrumental singular of -∅ (zero suffix, indicates the -ar- stem nouns' nominative singular of masculine second-declension)"
],
"links": [
[
"-∅",
"-∅#Ukrainian:_masc"
],
[
"zero suffix",
"zero suffix#English"
],
[
"nominative",
"nominative#English"
],
[
"masculine second-declension",
"w:Ukrainian grammar#Second declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ ˈɛm]"
}
],
"word": "-ем"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian non-lemma forms",
"Ukrainian suffix forms",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-em",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "suffix form",
"3": "hard-stem variant",
"4": "-ом",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-ем • (-em) n (hard-stem variant -ом)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "₋e, endings of semi-soft/soft-stem nouns' nominative singular of neuter second-declension",
"word": "₋е"
}
],
"glosses": [
"instrumental singular of ₋е (₋e, endings of semi-soft/soft-stem nouns' nominative singular of neuter second-declension)"
],
"links": [
[
"neuter",
"w:Ukrainian grammar#Second declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"instrumental",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ ˈɛm]"
}
],
"word": "-ем"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ем meaning in All languages combined (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.